Back to the
Basics: Minerals Part 7 "Chromium"

We are continuing a series talking about those nutrients
which are Essential to Life. A “Back to the Basics Series”.
Basic questions we need to answer are: Why is this molecule
or element Essential, What Purpose does it Serve, In What
Form is it Best Consumed and How Much do we need. This month
we continue our series on the Minerals that are essential to life
and good health. Part 7 "Chromium Anyone?"
Minerals
Pronunciation:
w
t-
r,
Minerals are natural
compounds formed through
geological processes. The term "mineral" encompasses not
only the material's
chemical composition but also the
mineral structures. Minerals range in composition from
pure
chemical elements and simple
salts to very complex
silicates with thousands of known forms (organic
compounds are usually excluded)The study of minerals is
called
mineralogy. They are inorganic, which means they
don't contain carbon. They are similar to rocks (a
rock is an aggregate of two or more minerals), but smaller
and they all have funny names, and you can buy real shiny
ones for $1.00 each at most souvenir stores.
Dietary minerals
are
chemical elements required by living
organisms. They can be either
bulk minerals (required in relatively
large amounts, macro minerals, grams or
milligrams per day) or
trace minerals (required only in very
small amounts, micro or pico
grams) Appropriate intake levels of each
dietary mineral must be sustained to
maintain physical health. Excessive intake
of a dietary mineral may either lead to
illness directly or indirectly because of
the competitive nature between mineral
levels in the body. So be careful how many
rocks you eat and keep the kids away from
the lead paint on the wall. Feed them Gummi
bears instead. Sometimes minerals are
added to the diet separately from food, as
vitamin and mineral supplements and in dirt
eating, called pica or
geophagy.

From
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chromium
Essential
Pronunciation: ĕs`sĕn´sjal or
i-
sen-ch
l
a
:basic and fundamental a: being a substance that is
required for normal functioning but cannot be synthesized by
the body and therefore must be included in the diet
s
:absolutely required and not to be used up or sacrificed
s :of the greatest importance s :absolutely
necessary; vitally necessary n :anything
indispensable ie don't leave home without it....More
important than Gummi Bears...
|
Elements In Human Body |
% of Atoms |
% of Weight |
|
Hydrogen |
63% |
10% |
|
Oxygen |
26% |
65% |
|
Carbon |
10% |
19% |
|
Nitrogen |
1.4% |
3.3% |
|
Calcium |
0.31% |
1.50% |
|
Sodium |
0.30% |
0.20% |
|
Phosphorus |
0.22% |
1.00% |
|
Potassium |
0.06% |
0.40% |
|
Sulfur |
0.05% |
0.30% |
|
Chlorine |
0.03% |
0.20% |
Why
it Is essential and What does it do?:
Chromium
is a mineral that humans require in trace
amounts, although its mechanisms of action
in the body and the amounts needed for
optimal health are not well defined.
In the mid-twentieth century,
scientists put laboratory rats on a diet
devoid of chromium. The unfortunate rodents
quickly developed glucose intolerance, a
condition that often precedes the
development of type II diabetes in humans.
Researchers then switched the animals’ feed
to brewer’s yeast—a rich, natural source of
chromium—and the rats’ health promptly
returned to normal.
Chromium was identified as the active
ingredient in this so-called "glucose
tolerance factor.
There have been several
recent reviews and data from the Health
Professionals Followup Study and the Heavy
Metals and myocardial Infarction Study
suggest a preventive and therapeutic role
for Chromium for the following conditions.
-
Improvement in Glucose
Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity in
those with Type 1, Type 2 Diabetes and
the Metabolic Syndrome.
-
Gestational Diabetes,
Elevated Glucose and Insulin in pregnant
females
-
Steroid Induced
Diabetes, Elevated Glucose associated
with Steroid use.
-
Prevention of
Atherosclerosis and Myocardial
Infarction
-
Weight Loss
.What
form is it best consumed? Chromium
is widely distributed in the food supply,
but most foods provide only small amounts
(less than 5 micrograms [mcg]
per serving), except for broccoli! See
Recipe of Month! Meat and whole-grain products, as well as
some fruits, vegetables, and spices are
relatively good sources.

|
Food |
Chromium (mcg) |
|
Broccoli, ½ cup |
11 |
|
Grape juice, 1 cup |
8 |
|
English muffin, whole wheat, 1 |
4 |
|
Potatoes, mashed, 1 cup |
3 |
|
Garlic, dried, 1 teaspoon |
3 |
|
Basil, dried, 1 tablespoon |
2 |
|
Beef cubes, 3 ounces |
2 |
|
Orange juice, 1 cup |
2 |
|
Turkey breast, 3 ounces |
2 |
|
Whole wheat bread, 2 slices |
2 |
|
Red wine, 5 ounces |
1-13 |
|
Apple, unpeeled, 1 medium |
1 |
|
Banana, 1 medium |
1 |
|
Green beans, ½ cup |
1 |
Forms of Supplements:
Chromium is
available as a supplement in several forms:
chromium chloride, chromium nicotinate,
chromium picolinate, and high-chromium
yeast. They are available as stand-alone
supplements or in combination products such
as multivitamins. Chromium nicotinate
and chromium picolinate may be more
bioavailable than chromium chloride. In much
of the research on impaired glucose
tolerance and type 2 diabetes, chromium
picolinate was the source of chromium and
the form that we recommend at Inside
Outside.
How much is needed?
Dietary chromium
supplements are inexpensive and the limited
safety data suggest that chromium is
safe even at high doses. However,
there have been reports of isolated adverse
reactions to doses of Chromium consisting of
Liver damage and Kidney failure.
Patients with kidney or liver disease should
not take doses of Chromium picolinate
greater than 400ugm per day. The
Institute of Medicine has an AI (Adequate
Intake) recommendation of 20-25ugm/day for
Women and 30-35ugm for Men.
Inside Outside Recommendation
Chromium supplementation
at levels of 1000mcg per day is an
attractive option for management of diabetes
and for control of insulin and glucose
concentrations of persons with
or at high risk of type 2 diabetes.
In addition the data from
the Health Professionals Followup Study and
the Heavy Metals and myocardial Infarction
Study suggest a preventive role for
Cardiovascular disease. For preventive
purposes and for possible assistance with
weight loss we would recommend 400-500mcg
Chromium Picolinate per day.
The LEF
Mix MultiVitamin and Mineral product contains 500mcg.

Item 671
Life Extension Chromium Ultra.
500mcg Capsules See Dawn to Order!
Role of chromium in human health and in
diabetes.
Cefalu WT,
Hu FB. Diabetes
Care. 2004 Nov;27(11):2741-51.
Lower toenail chromium in men with diabetes
and cardiovascular disease compared with
healthy men. Health Professionals
Follow-Up Study
Rajpathak S,
Diabetes Care.
2004 Sep;27(9):2211-6.
Low toenail chromium concentration and
increased risk of nonfatal myocardial
infarction.
Guallar E,
Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Jul
15;162(2):157-64. Epub 2005 Jun 22.
EURAMIC-Heavy Metals and
Myocardial Infraction Study Group.

LEF Magazine Artlcle "Chromium: An Essential to Health" August 2004

Chromium, Linus Pauling Institute's
Micronutrient Information Center

NUTRIENT DATA LABORATORY
Search the USDA National Nutrient Database
for Standard Reference
The Institute of Medicine in
their Dietary Reference Intake Book and
tables
Next month Magnesium!
METALS IN NUTRITION
Dawn Blem
Certified Nutritional Consultant
Contact Dawn Blem
Marketing Update:
Seminars,
KSAT 12 Coverage of SuperSlow Stars!


Dr. Christian
was asked by Cat Pollock, 2nd Year Medical Student and VP of the UTSA
Chapter of the American Medical Student Association to be the speaker on 5
Oct 05 at their monthly meeting. His topic was "The 6 Components of
Optimal Health and Aging" with emphasis on the Zone Nutrition Program
& SuperSlow®
Strength Training.

Dr. Christian spoke to employees of
the Bexar County Courthouse on 13 Oct 05 as part of their ongoing wellness
program for their employees.
His topic was "The 6 Components of Optimal Health and Aging" with emphasis
on the Zone Nutrition Program and SuperSlow®
Strength Training.

Dr. Christian and Dawn Blem were guests at the 19 Oct 05 Tapatio Springs
Ladies Luncheon held at the Tapatio Springs Resort Conference Center.
Dr. Christian and Dawn are shown with Lois Aronson and Gail Broadhead, both
faithful SuperSlow Members! The organization of Ladies is dedicated to
supporting many Charitable and Non-Profit Organizations in the Boerne/Tapatio
Springs area. Dr. Christian spoke to the ladies about
"The 6 Components of Optimal Health and Aging" with emphasis on the Zone
Nutrition Program and SuperSlow Strength Training.

Our SuperSlow Stars of the month, Bill and Mary Lee Thorsby will be featured
in an upcoming segment on KSAT 12 TV about fighting Diabetes. Nancy
Gonzalez, KSAT Anchor and Rey Elizardo, CameraMan filmed the segment on 16
Oct 05 at the SuperSlow Gym. The segment will run sometime in November
and we will send out a special email to let everyone know the date and time.
Checkout
Nancy Gonzalez Bio
at KSAT 12!

From Dr. Sears' Monthly
Newsletter
The OmegaZone E-Magazine
"For years the medical establishment has been telling
Americans that fighting heart disease means a war against
cholesterol. Slowly but surely, like the powerful Wizard of
Oz façade, the cholesterol story has been slowly eroding.
Now the scientific data is shifting more to inflammation as
the underlying cause of heart disease. Of course, this makes
common sense since the number-one drug to prevent a heart
attack is an aspirin. Although aspirin has no effect on
cholesterol levels, it has a dramatic effect on reducing
inflammation. Recent articles in the New England Journal of
Medicine have again confirmed the importance of inflammation
on heart disease. A crude indictor of inflammation,
C-reactive protein, appears to be more powerful than bad
cholesterol levels in predicting future heart attacks.
But what if there was an even more powerful predictor of
inflammation that could predict heart attacks? As I describe
in my newest book, “The Anti-Inflammation Zone,” such a
blood marker exists. It is the ratio of arachidonic acid
(AA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This marker of
inflammation precedes C-reactive protein by years. You could
take drugs, such as statins, on a lifetime basis to reduce
C-reactive protein. Of course, there are some side
effects, such as memory loss, muscle weakness, neuropathy,
and liver damage. But statins don’t reduce the AA/EPA ratio
– they actually increase it. On the other hand, taking
high-dose fish oil reduces the AA/EPA ratio, and the only
known side-effect is to make you smarter. The amount of fish
oil you need to reduce inflammation depends on how well you
control insulin in your diet. The more you control insulin
by following the Zone Diet, the less fish oil you need. On
the other hand, the less you control insulin, the more fish
oil you need. The choice is yours. Whatever approach (drugs
or diet) you choose, just keep in mind that controlling
inflammation is a much wiser medical approach to reducing
heart attacks than controlling cholesterol."
Let us know if you want the
AA/EPA test. The Cost is $300 and includes a consult
with Dr. Christian to discuss the results. We also
talk about the AA/EPA test in detail in our Omega Zone
Seminar.
Visit Dr.
Sears Web Site.. Join the Forums and Sign up for his
Newsletter.
Dana Marks New
Wellness Center Manager and Personal Trainer
Her Vision for
Inside Outside!

GUNG-HO!
Extremely enthusiastic and dedicated.
[Earlier
Gung Ho, motto of certain U.S.
Marine forces in Asia during World War II, from Chinese
(Mandarin) gōnghé, to work
together (short for gōngyèhézuòshè,
Chinese Industrial Cooperative Society) :
gōng, work + hé, together.]
When I met Dr. C many years ago, I remember thinking, ‘WOW, this Dr. is
as GUNG-HO about the ZONE, and helping others as I am! It
is exciting and rare, to find another person that shares a
VISION, fueled by PASSION, of the same kind. It was equally
exciting to find a physician that was dedicated to educating
people about how nutrition and the choices we make on a
daily basis reap positive outcomes in our lives.
I also remember thinking…
Dr. C is to San Antonio what Ken Cooper is to Dallas…
Way ahead of his time,Willing to change, and be changed, and
Willing to do whatever he needs to do to get the good
message/education out to the masses!
On the planet, we are the only species that can CHOOSE to
change…all species change, but none have the ability to
CHOOSE CHANGE. With that being said, we are also the most
resistant to CHANGE! Change can happen at any place in an
organization -- no matter how much or how little control or
influence you perceive you have over your environment or
those around you. The most profound change in
organizations happens when those at the top or in the key
leadership positions take responsibility for making change
happen – because 70% of corporate culture (how people
behave and do things) is shaped by its leadership.
Personal transformation precedes organizational
transformation and while many people want change, it takes
courage to take responsibility for change – whether that is
personal change within yourself, change within a team or
change within an organization.
I am looking forward to being a part of, and watching the
CHANGE that Inside/Outside is going through….and the
transformation process that we will all be a part of as our
new year, 2006 is right around the corner.
I can tell you that we here as a staff at Inside Outside
WANT MORE! And by wanting more, that means
CHANGE!!!….GUNG-HO!! INSIDE OUTSIDE SPA!
Picture this
with me, will you?….
You have an appointment at the Super Slow gym for your
weekly workout…
Following your workout, you have a Spa Treatment ….maybe a
men’s facial, massage, or perhaps a pedicure???
As you walk through the doors an array of pleasant aromas
fill your senses…
the smell of fresh brewed coffee from the Inside Outside
Juice Bar….
‘Spa’ aromas of eucalyptus, lavender, and rosemary coming
from the Massage/Facial/Pedicure rooms fill the air…
Good smelling ZONE PERFECT food that is being cooked at the
Inside Outside Grill…
Surrounded by fresh plants, running water fountains, fish
tanks with colorful fish, and a serene atmosphere that
invites you to come in, work out, and relax…
and of course. BE TRANSFORMED…INSIDE & OUT….
That is where we want to work and SERVE YOU!
NOW CAN I HEAR US ALL SAY????
GUNG HO
INSIDE OUTSIDE SPA!!!! GUNG HO DR. CHRISTIAN!!
About Dana
Marks!!
Dana
comes to us with a wide range of experience in health and
fitness and the corporate word.
She is owner of
Positive
Solutions which offers medical billing services and health
benefits for
small businesses.
She is Founder of a New Fitness
program called, ‘YOKA’…the Christian Alternative to yoga.
She has produced a DVD, a
line of lotions and candles, fitness accessories, and is
writing a book. Currently she teaches classes in San
Antonio and in New Braunfels and the DVD is in the hands of
a publisher
She was Vice President of
Sales at The SCOOTER Store in New Braunfels, TX
Prior to the Scooter Store
she was Director of Fitness Services at the McKenna Sports
Fitness & Rehabilitation Center in New Braunfels.
In addition she has been the
owner of Hands Down, a full service salon and a Jazzercise
Franchise.
She holds certifications from
the Cooper Aerobics Center and their Physical Fitness
Specialist Certification, is ZONE Certified and a Member of
the National Speakers Association
She has been married for 21
years to the love of her life, Kevin and has 2 great kids,
Kate, age 17, and Tye, age 15
Her Favorite things are…
Being home with my Family,
with TONS of teenagers hanging out at our place!
(Love to embarrass them and
give them a really hard time!)
Singing in the Praise and
Worship Band at Journey Fellowship (cell church for Oak
Hills Church)
Decorating my home
Photography
Reading
Working Out
Drinking a good cup of Coffee
with a blanket and a cat!
Dana Marks, Wellness Center Manager
Contact Dana
Marks
Misty Bashara Personal Trainer and Massage Therapist

Misty Bashara is well known in San Antonio
for her contributions to physical fitness and health. She
has personally trained many and is owner of San Antonio
Professional Fitness.
Misty Bashara CFT, AMTA, NCBTMB is the owner of
Professional
Fitness by Misty in San Antonio, Texas. Misty has over
25 years experience in the Fitness Industry and has been a
Fitness Trainer for 21 of those years. Misty holds
certifications as an Advanced Fitness Specialist as well as
the Elite Certification from the Cooper Clinic Center for
Aerobic Research. In addition, Misty has been a Nationally
Certified Massage Therapist for almost 18 years. She holds
the prestigious gold standard for bodyworkers, the National
Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage Therapy and
Bodywork (NCBTMB) credential. She is also certified through
the American Massage Therapy Association (AMTA) and the
Texas Department of Health. Misty received her Yoga Teacher
Training through the Living Yoga Program qualifying as a
Yoga Alliance Yoga Instructor. Misty has the knowledge and
experience to tweak anyone's fitness program giving them an
edge in the hurried world in which we live. Misty is a
Master Trainer who works with individuals who are CEO's,
individuals in management, housewives, secretaries,
overweight, underweight, and unfit; anyone who is
interested in improving their overall fitness and health.
Misty is currently helping top notch professionals from San
Antonio Corporations such as SBC, H.E.B., and others to
maintain their edge.
Benefits of
Massage
Check Out our New Massage Menu...
The benefits of massage are
Occur Via Several Mechanisms:
Biomechanical
Mechanisms: Massage
can produce mechanical pressure, which is expected to
increase muscle compliance resulting in increased range of
joint motion, decreased passive stiffness and decreased
active stiffness . Mechanical pressure might help to
increase blood flow by increasing the arteriolar pressure,
as well as increasing muscle temperature from rubbing
and thus reducing the
severity of muscle soreness.
Neurological
Mechanisms: Mechanical pressure
on the muscle is expected to increase or decrease neural
excitability and muscle spasms as measured by the Hoffman
reflex. The Hoffman reflex is brought about by stimulating a
nerve, particularly the tibial nerve, with an electric shock
and is essentially measuring deep tendon reflexes and the
level of spasm a muscle has.
Physiological Mechanisms:
Changes in parasympathetic activity
(as measured by reduced heart rate and blood pressure
and improved heart rate variability) and dangerous hormonal
levels (as measured by Cortisol levels) following massage.
The immune system may be improved by increasing White
Blood Cells and Natural Killer Cells.
Psychological
Mechanisms: A reduction in
anxiety and an improvement in mood state also cause
relaxation after massage.
MASSAGE THERAPY GROWS IN POPULARITY Fact Sheet
2005 Massage Therapy Consumer Fact Sheet .pdf file
Contraindications of Massage
Seek
medical advice before having a massage if you suffer from
phlebitis, thrombosis, varicose veins, severe acute back
pain, or fever.
Swellings, fractures, skin infections, or
bruises should not be massaged. Lumps and swellings should
be checked by your doctor.
Massage of the abdomen, legs, and feet should
not be given during the first three months of pregnancy.
Cancer patients are best treated by specially
trained practitioners who know which areas to avoid and
which kind of massage is appropriate.


The cultural and philosophical aspects of pressure, massage,
and touch healing as alternative therapies.
Oumeish OY Skinmed.
2005 Mar-Apr;4(2):93-100.
The mechanisms of massage and effects on performance, muscle
recovery and injury prevention.
Related Articles,
Links
Weerapong P,
Sports Med. 2005;35(3):235-56.
Misty
Bashara, Personal Trainer and Massage Therapist
Contact
Misty
Bashara
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